Polar ionospheric currents, birkeland currents, equivalent currents, apex coordinates. Dons second talk, shown here, illustrated the relationship between birkeland currents and counterrotating shells, to show how they form such polar phenomena as earths cylindrical auroral. Pdf birkeland currents in the plasma sheet researchgate. Birkeland alfven current circuits between two rf generated plasma balls in the laboratory and two new paradigm black holes in space article pdf available october 2014 with 235 reads.
Birkeland currents form scalable plasma structures that can transmit electric power all around the galaxy. A birkeland current is a set of currents that flow along geomagnetic field lines connecting the. Statistical analysis of the dependence of largescale. Templates of chineseness and trajectories of cambodian. Consequences of the oscillatory nature of the solutions. Solar wind and seasonal influence on ionospheric currents from. Because kristian birkeland had proposed long before currents which linked earth and space in this fashion, they were named birkeland currents by schield, dessler and freeman, in a 1969 article predicting some of the features observed by triad. Pdf uars observations of birkeland currents and joule. Below are some quotes on birkeland currents, more detailed explanations will be added over time.
Kristian birkeland determined that largescale ionospheric currents were associated with the aurora. This format shows the magnitudes of the currents as well as the spatial. Birkeland currents and dark matter progress in physics. A birkeland current usually refers to the electric currents in a planets ionosphere that follows magnetic field lines ie fieldaligned currents, and sometimes used to described any fieldaligned electric current in a space plasma. I have told you many times that i accept the existence of birkeland currents, and braided filaments in the cosmic context, but that i do not do physics by. This thesis presents evidence that birkeland current magnitudes are consistent with driving by ionospheric convection, which is in turn driven by magnetic recon. Typically, each sheet carries a million amperes or more. Some of the information will be from electric universe theory eu theory sites and some from standard science websites. Birkeland currents often show filamentary, or twisted ropelike magnetic. Alfven waves and birkeland currents plasma universe.
Uars observations of birkeland currents and joule heating rates for the november 4, 1993, storm article pdf available in journal of geophysical research atmospheres 103a11. Lately, the term birkeland currents has been expanded by some authors to include magnetic field aligned currents in general space plasmas. Now for the first time, scientists are making continuous, global measurements of the birkeland currents, opening a new window on our understanding of. They are caused by the movement of a plasma perpendicular to a magnetic field. Highspeed broadband internet access has become todays essential service, but new government rules being proposed by the federal communications commission fcc could impact your access to.
A birkeland current is a specific magnetic field aligned current in the earths magnetosphere which flows from the magnetotail towards the earth on the dawn side and in the other direction on the dusk side of the magnetosphere. Some properties of birkeland currents electric cosmos. Birkeland currents and our electric solar system blogger. Sunlight effects on the 3d polar current system determined. Abstract fieldaligned currents facs, also known as birkeland currents, are the agents by which energy and momentum are transferred to the ionosphere from.
Therefore, the magnetic fields of birkeland currents extend outward in space much farther and less diminished in strength than the field that would be generated by a simple straightline of electric current. A diurnal variation is identified in the total birkeland current flowing, consistent with. Potemra the johns hopkins university, applied physics laboratory, laurel, maryland 20723, usa received 7 july 1995. The universe is connected by birkeland currents page 4.
The existence of birkeland currents was a source of great controversy for several decades. The role of birkeland currents in the dungey cycle leicester figshare. Seasonal and temporal variations of fieldaligned currents and. What links here related changes upload file special pages permanent link page information wikidata item cite.
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